Difference between resistance and specific resistance is that resistance is the nature of prevention of any conductor and the specific resistance is that resistance which depends upon the material only the resistance of iron is similar as other iron metal and the resistance of copper metal is similar to other copper metal but resistance of iron and copper metal per unit area is not same here is the difference between resistance and specific resistance. The unit of resistance and specific resistance also different are ohm and ohm-meter.
The difference between resistance and specific resistance are below
Resistance
- The ratio of the potential difference between the two ends of a conductor to the current flowing through at uniform temperature is called resistance of that conductor.
- The unit of resistance is ohm (Ω).
- Resistance of conductor depends on its length, temperature, cross section area, material of the conductor.
- Resistance is related with a particular conductor.
Specific resistance
- At a fixed temperature amount of resistance offered in the flow of current by a conductor having unit length and unit cross section is called its specific resistance.
- The unit of specific resistance is ohm-meter (Ω-m).
- Specific resistivity of conductor depends on the material of the conductor and its temperature.
- Specific resistance related with the material of the conductor.
The laws of resistance
In law of resistance length, cross section area resistively is the main term of this law.
There are two basic laws of resistance. The resistance formula is
(i) Law of length: The resistance of a conductor is proportional to its length when the temperature, cross section area and its material is fixed.
If the resistance wire is R and the length is L.
Then mathematically
If two or more conductor has same cross section area and they remain on same temperature then the resistance of those conductor will be high which length is more than other conductor, the resistance is less which conductor length is less.
A long wire resistance is more and short wire resistance is less when the both wire is made of same material and same cross section.
(ii) Law of cross section area: The resistance is inversely proportional to its cross section area when the length, temperature and material remain fixed.
If the resistivity of conductor is R and the cross section area is A.
Mathematically
That means when the length and material of a conductor is fixed, resistance of a thin wire is more and it is less for thick wire. Consider two pipes which length is similar and cross section area is different suppose pipe A has higher cross section area and pipe B has less cross section area than pipe A. When water flows via pipe then pipe A can take much water than pipe B that means pipe B has more resistance than pipe A. Cross section area is inversely proportional to resistance thus way the conductor which has larger cross section area can carry more charge than thinner cross section conduction hence thinner cross section area conductor has high resistivity.
Specific resistance
From laws for resistance there are two laws one for length is
Where R is the resistance of a conductor and L is the length.
Another is for cross section area is
Here A is the cross section area is of any conductor.
If both A and L are changed then we get from both equation,
It is called specific resistance or specific on resistance.
Specific resistance definition: The specific electrical resistance of a conductor depends on its material and temperature. The mount of resistance in the flow of current, cross sectional area is called specific resistance of that conductor.
