Have you ever opened an electronic device and saw a small, green board with electrical parts on it? If you didn’t know, it’s called a circuit board. That handy little device must be built just right in order for electronic devices to operate properly.
With that said, if you’re curious to know exactly how the circuit design process works, just keep reading.
What Are Circuits?
An electronic circuit consists of a number of different elements that work together to execute a specific task. Transistors, capacitors, diodes, resistors, and other active and passive elements will be used in the electrical circuit.
The boards consist of a thin, metallic-surfaced insulating material. The metal may be on the top, bottom, or both sides of the item. The board’s metal includes channels for the energy to move through the different components.
Based on its type and circuit structure, the board executes a wide variety of tasks. Printed circuit boards (PCBs) are found in a wide range of devices, and they are smaller and more efficient than they’ve ever been.
Computers, televisions, entertainment consoles, synthesizers, mobile phones, laptops, microwave ovens, and many other consumer devices include PCBs.
However, the companies who design circuits must ensure that the designs are functional before they’re manufactured. The first move is to get the design right.
Thankfully, due to design programs, it’s not too complicated to create the proper circuit board.
Steps of the Circuit Design Process
The circuit design process is pretty straightforward, but only if you know the proper steps to take. Here’s how it’s done:
1. Choose a Regulator and Input Voltage
In this step, a constant voltage of 5V at 20mA is needed, with the output voltage being positive polarization. As a result, you’ll need a regulator that can output 5 volts. The IC LM7805 regulator is an incredible option to choose for it.
The next step is to determine the regulator’s input voltage requirements. The minimal input voltage for a regulator must be the output voltage plus three. Therefore, a minimum input voltage of 8V is needed to achieve a voltage of 5V.
2. Select the Transformer Required
The unregulated voltage that is now generated is 12V. This is the RMS value of the transformer’s secondary voltage requirement.
When you calculate the turns ratio, you’ll get a value of 19 since the main voltage is 230V RMS. As a result, you’ll need a 230V/12V converter. A good option is a 12V, 20mA transformer.
3. Choose the Filter Capacitor Value
The amount of current load resistance, the regulator’s quiescent current, the amount of permissible ripple in the DC output, and the duration all influence the performance of the filter capacitor.
The maximum voltage over the capacitor is around 15V approx. But that’s only if the max voltage across the transformer main is 17V and the cumulative reduction across the diodes is 1.4V.
4. Determine the Diodes Peak Inverse Voltage
The overall PIV of the diode bridge is around 68V since the max voltage through the transformer secondary is 17V. As a result, you have to settle for diodes with a PIV of 100V each. Keep in mind that PIV is the highest voltage that can be added to a diode in reverse bias without risking breakdown.
More About the Electronic Circuit Design
The study and synthesis of electronic circuits create electronic circuit architecture. The manufacturer of an analog or digital circuit ought to be able to foresee the voltage and current at each node in the circuit when constructing it.
Mathematical calculations are used to analyze both linear and basic non-linear circuits manually. The intricate circuits are analyzed using software.
Electronic circuit engineering simulation software enables developers to design circuits more efficiently and reliably. Doing so shortens the time, expense, and risk associated with circuit prototype development.
On the other hand, voltage changes over time to conform to the details expressed in analog electronic circuit designs. The main components of an analog circuit are capacitors, diodes, resistors, cables, and transistors.
Electrical pulses in analog circuits have a constant value. They perform in schematic diagrams of lines representing wires and special symbols representing each variable. Each analog circuit has either set or parallel circuits…or both.
Circuit Board Simulators
To simulate the behavior of a real electronic circuit, the electronic circuit simulator employs mathematical models. The simulation program is a great research tool that helps you to model circuit operation.
Because of the limitations of the breadboard and the high cost of equipment—like photomasks for integrated circuits— simulation is used for the majority of IC architecture.
SPICE is an analog circuit emulator. Digital simulations are the most well-known applications of Verilog and VHDL.
Despite the fact that circuit board simulators make designing a huge circuit easier, there are several difficulties in the simulation process. When a design is constructed, process differences exist, but circuit simulators do not account for them. Even if the differences are minor, they have a major impact on the performance.
Are you interested in creating an advanced circuit design? If so, click the highlighted link.
Proper Circuit Design
As you can see from the information above, some of your favorite electronics wouldn’t work without the proper circuit design. It’s a pretty complex process, but once you fully understand the steps to creating a circuit board, it’s a lot easier.
To read more articles like this, check out more of our website. We post informative content related to a variety of topics.
